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Systems Centered Therapy
Systems-Centered Therapy (SCT) is a particular form of group therapy based on the Theory of Living Human Systems developed by Dr. Yvonne Agazarian. The theory postulates that living human systems survive, develop, and transform from simple to complex through discriminating and integrating information. Corresponding to the small and rigorously defined set of concepts, SCT defines a set of methods, techniques and instruments.〔('Systems-Centered Theory' )〕 SCT practitioners use these with individuals, couples and groups to explore the experience of their differences and work with these to integrate them. Using the method of functional subgrouping, these living human systems increase their ability to see both sides of their issues and resolve them productively.〔Susan Grant, in Jeffrey L. Kleinberg, ''The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Group Psychotherapy'' (2011) p. 115〕 The theory was first developed in Agazarian's 1997 book, ''Systems-Centered Therapy for Groups'',〔("Systems-Centered Therapy for Groups" )〕 and grew out of her earlier work in group psychotherapy under the influence of such figures as W. R. Bion and John Bowlby through the further input of the general systems theory of Ludwig von Bertalanffy.〔Yvonne Agazarian, ''A Systems-Centered Approach to Inpatient Group Psychotherapy'' (2001) p. 7-14〕
Systems-centered theory explains how living human systems contain their energy within functional boundaries and direct it towards their goals: the primary goals of survival and development and the secondary goals of environmental mastery. In SCT training groups, all members work in functional subgroups rather than work alone. Subgroups work both sides of every issue in the group-as-a-whole.〔Agazarian, ''Inpatient'' p. 20〕 This practice strengthens both the therapeutic capacity of the training group and allows individual members to choose which side of the conflict has therapeutic salience for their own personal work.
== Theory of Living Human Systems: an Introduction ==
Systems-Centered Therapy and Consultation developed by Yvonne Agazarian, Ed.D., is based on the Theory of Living Human Systems, a theory that can be applied to any living human system as small as one individual or a large group and couples, families, classrooms, committees, businesses or even nations.〔Arthur Robbins, ''Therapeutic Presence'' (1998) p. 163-4〕 Thus the theory offers a set of ideas for thinking about how living human systems work that can be applied at any level.
The theory defines “a hierarchy of isomorphic systems that are energy-organizing, self-correcting and goal directed” - working on the assumption that psychic patterns will be repeated in the same form (isomorphy)at every nested level of interaction.〔Robbins, p. 164〕 Each of these constructs is then operationally defined with methods developed that test the hypothesis of the theory. In this way, it offers a comprehensive systems theory and methodology of practice that can be applied in clinical, organizational and educational settings. Most importantly, Agazarian’s theory of living human systems introduces the hypothesis that the single essential process by which living human systems survive, develop and transform is by discriminating and integrating differences.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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